Woman Novelists of the Victorian Era
The Victorian era is known
for the galaxy of female novelists. CHARLOTTE BRONTE, EMILY BRONTE, Mrs.
Gaskell and GEORGE ELIOT are in prime focus. They also include Mrs.
Trollope, Mrs. Gore, Mrs. Maroh, Mrs. Bray, Mrs. Henry, charlotte younger, Miss
Oliphant, and still more. However, the four most important women novelists, who
yet are quite important, are charlotte Bronte, Emily Bronte, Mrs. Gaskell and
George Eliot. Of the four, the two first named were sister, and their methods
and achievement as novelists met at many places. But each of the remaining two
priced her own line and made herself known in the field of English novel in her
own way.
CHARLOTTE BRONTE (1816 – 55) –
The three Bronte sister –
Anne, charlotte, and Emily – collectively known often as the “Stormy
sisterhood”, who took the England of their time by storm, were in actual life
shy and isolated girls with rather uneventful lives. All of them died young and
died of Tuberculosis.
Charlotte wrote four novels
- ‘The professor’, ‘Vilette’,
‘Jane Eyre’ and ‘Shirley’.
The first two novels were based on her personal experiences at a Brussels
boarding house where she most probably fell in love with the Belgian scholar
Hager who perfectly answered her conception of a dashing hero of the Byronic
type. The heroine of her third novel is a governess, just like her sister Anne.
Her tempestuous love affair with Rochester – a combination of wonderful
nobility and meanness is the staple of this novel.
Charlotte Bronte in her
novel revolted against the traditions of Jane Austen, Dickens, and Thackeray.
Thackeray’s Vanity Fair she
praised in glowing terms, but she herself never attempted anything of the kind.
Her novels are novel of manners but of passions and the naked soul. Her
characters – mostly the effusion of her own soul – are elemental figures aching
in the back drop of elemental nature.
According to Compton
Rickett, three characteristics “detach themselves from the writing of charlotte
Bronte”. They are the note of intimacy; the note of passion and the note of
revolt. The note of intimacy is caused by the markedly autobiographic slant of
her novels. The note of passion is struck by lonely sensitive woman on behalf
of woman. Her point of view is the point of view of a woman. As regard the note
of revolt, we must emphasize that she was a rebel by nature and a puritan by
training. She could not reconcile these two elements. Though she did not fully
or even appreciably, revolt against social conventions, she at least revolted
against the conventions of the novel.
EMILY BRONTE (1818 – 48):-
Emily was a poet as well as
novelist, and her only novel Wuthering Heights is a poem as well as a novel.
“There is no other book”, says Longinus “which contains so many of the hassled,
tumultuous, and rebellious elements of romanticism. She is fiercer than
Charlotte, but her fierceness is strangely accompanied by numeric strokes of
intuitive illumination.....
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