In your opinion how can Lyotard be seen as an important figure of
Postmodernism?
Jean-François Lyotard was a French philosopher, sociologist, and literary theorist. His interdisciplinary discourse spans such topics as epistemology and communication, the human body, modern art and postmodern art, literature and critical theory, music, film, time and memory, space, the city and
landscape, the sublime, and the relation
between aesthetics and politics. He is best known for his articulation of postmodernism after the late 1970s
and the analysis of the impact of postmodernity on the human condition. He was co-founder of the International College of Philosophy with Jacques Derrida, François Châtelet, and Gilles Deleuze.
Lyotard's
work is characterised by a persistent opposition to universals, meta-narratives, and generality. He is fiercely critical of many of the
'universalist' claims of the
Enlightenment, and several of his works
serve to undermine the fundamental principles that generate these broad claims.
In
his writings of the early 1970s, he rejects what he regards as theological underpinnings of
both Karl Marx and Sigmund
Freud: "In Freud, it is
judaical, critical sombre (forgetful of the political); in Marx it is
catholic. Hegelian,
reconciliatory (...) in the one and in the other the relationship of the
economic with meaning is blocked in the category of representation (...) Here a
politics, there a therapeutics, in both cases a laical theology, on top of the
arbitrariness and the roaming of forces". Consequently, he
rejected Theodor
W. Adorno's negative dialectics because he viewed them as seeking a
"therapeutic resolution in the framework of a religion, here the religion
of history." In Lyotard's "libidinal economics" he aimed at
"discovering and describing different social modes of investment of
libidinal intensities"................................................................
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