Distinguish between morph, morpheme and allomorph.
Morphology
is a study of words. It basically deals with word formation, examines the
relationship between words, and analyzes their constituent elements.
Morpheme
is the smallest unit of a word, which has a meaning, lexical or grammatical,
and cannot be divided into smaller units. For instance, the word
"unpresentable" consists of 3 morphemes -- un + present +able. Un is a prefix,
which means "not" and is used in this example to negate the adjective
"presentable." The suffix able is
used to form adjectives and is usually placed at the end of a verb (useable,
loveable, deniable, etc.).
Morphs form morphemes, and they are "an element of speech or
writing that represents and expresses one or more morphemes" (Microsoft Encarta
Dictionary).
Morphs are the real forms utilized to form a morpheme (Yule 71 ). For instance,
"students" consists of 2 morphemes, student + suffix s. Students is comprised
of "one or more morphs" that constitute the "environment"
(SIL) of the word students. Students has 2
morphemes, each with 1 or more morphs. The morpheme -s has 1 morph and can
have 1 of 2 allomorphs of
pronounceable realization: s or z, as in cats (s) and shoes (z).
Allomorphs
are different realizations of one morpheme (Yule 72). For example, the
words cats, dogs and buses all contain
a plural morpheme, and we can deduce that the pluralizing morphemes (-s and -es) have 3
different potential pronunciations - /s/, /z/ and /iz/. We call these allomorphs because
they represent different pronunciation potentials of the same morphemes, the
plural morphemes (and one plural morpheme has one morph -s, while the
other has two morphs -es)........................................................................................
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