Make
an assessment of the development of the sonnet form in England focusing on the
Elizabethan sonnets in your syllabus.
Sonnet is considered by many a perfect flower in the garden
of lyrical poetry. However, Sonnet in English literature is a foreign
importation. The term sonnet has come from the Italian “Sonnetto” means a song.
It originated in Italy. It is flourished in the master hands of Petrarch, Dante
and Tasso. It is a short lyrical poem of fourteen lines, with a special
arrangement for rhyme. It is complete in itself and expresses in condensed form
one thing, one idea or one emotion. It is divided into two parts, the first
eight lines form the octave with the rhyme scheme ‘abba’ , ‘abba’ , the last
six lines from sestet , and they rhymed variously as ‘cdecde , cd , cd , cd ,
or cdedec’. The theme or emotion in most cases is love and its varied
moods. And somewhere in the sonnet, mostly between octave and sestet,
there remain a volta or jump of thought.
During the early 15th
century, it peeps through the English shore. The great sonneteers of the
Elizabethan era were Sir Thomas Wyatt, Earl of Surrey, Philip Sydney, Michael
Drayton, Samuel Daniel, Edmund Spenser and William Shakespeare.
Sir
Thomas Wyatt:-Sir Thomas Wyatt is
the innovative Sonnet writer in English literature. His thirty one sonnets
are noteworthy. They appeared in Tottel’s Miscellany published
on 1557. Ten of these sonnets were the translation from Petrarch. Apart
from couplet ending, which Wyatt introduced, it had a
Petrarchan model. Even though following Petrarch’s models closely, he
remains the pioneer in the realm of English literature in his own art of
presentation and imagery...................................................................................
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