Discuss the theme of Dostoevsky's novel Crime and Punishment.
Alienation is the primary theme of Dostoevsky's novel Crime and Punishment. At first, Raskolnikov's pride separates him from society. He sees himself as superior to all other people and so cannot relate to anyone. Within his personal philosophy, he sees other people as tools and uses them for his own ends. Moreover, it is alienation that causes Raskolnikov, the protagonist, to commit his crimes and then it is alienation that ultimately leads him to the beginnings of his journey to redemption.
Raskolnikov, an impoverished student who is
entertaining the nihilistic ideals that were sweeping St. Petersburg during his
time, is in a severe place of alienation. He lives in relentless poverty which
separates him from the majority of society. He has one only friend, Razumikhin,
and he does not appear to cultivate a close or meaningful relationship with
Razumikhin. The relationship with his own mother and sister is also one that is
strained and distant. Additionally, he has begun to subscribe to ideals that,
by their very nature, will isolate him from society because they place little
to no value on other humans and they place him in a different category than
other humans. Thus, his alienation from society is both practical and
ideological. Oddly enough, the very factor that caused him to commit his
horrendous crimes, alienation, is the concept that brings him to redemption.
First, he needs to acknowledge the evil in his actions and feel remorse, regret
and guilt as a result. Then, he needs to repent of his crimes and suffer for
his crimes as an act of restitution. These two processes will bring him to
redemption, but they are internal battles. Ultimately, internal battles must be
fought alone - they must be fought in alienation.
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